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PFAS (Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances) are fluorinated organic chemicals containing at least one fully fluorinated carbon atom (i.e. at least one aliphatic -CF2- or -CF3 element). PFAS includes PFOA (Perfluorooctanoic Acid), PFOS (Perfluorooctane Sulfonate) and many other chemicals.
PFAS has been found used in consumer products including juvenile product, due to their grease, water and stain-resistant properties. However, Certain PFAS, e.g. PFOA and PFOS have been found very persistent in the human body, and can lead to adverse health outcomes. Animal studies indicate PFOA and PFOS can cause reproductive and developmental, liver and kidney, and immunological effects. Both chemicals have caused tumours.
EU and more U.S. States have already imposed restrictions on PFAS in juvenile product. Following is the summary of the earlies effective date for the juvenile product related requirement:
Earliest Effective
Date (Year) |
Region |
| Restriction Rules |
| 2019 |
EU POPs |
| 2020 |
EU POPs |
| 2023 |
EU REACH Annex XVII, California |
| 2024 |
Colorado |
| 2030 |
Maine |
| Reporting Rules |
| 2011 |
Washington (Chemicals of High Concern to Children) |
| 2014 |
Vermont (Chemicals of High Concern to Children) |
| 2018 |
Oregon (High Priority Chemicals of Concern for Children's Health) |
| 2020 |
Maine (Priority Chemicals) |
| 2023 |
Maine |
In EU and UK-NI, REACH Annex XVII Entry 68 will come into force in 2023, it is restricting the use of C9-C14 PFCAs and related substances.
The most concerned U.S. California AB 652 which restricts PFAS in juvenile products will become effective on July 1, 2023. Per AB 652, less than 100 ppm of total organic fluorine is allowed.
U.S. Colorado HB 22-1345, which also restricts PFAS in juvenile products, will become effective on January 1, 2024.
In 2023, reporting of intentionally added PFAS to Maine authority is requested.
More and more regions are imposing the PFAS restriction, with expertise from Intertek, manufacturer can cope with the PFAS challenge effectively.
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